Functional Houses
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Entry Hole
The size of the entry hole, the distance from that hole to the floor and the inside dimensions must suit the bird you want to attract.
Insulation
For the proper insulation, wood should be at least ¾” thick; recycled plastic should be at least ½” thick.
Ventilation
It is important for functional houses to have good ventilation. Panels of wood that are ¾” thick help provide insulation from the heat. Holes near the top of the house allow for the heat to escape.
Easy Clean Out
A side panel that opens allows for easy clean out of the nest at the end of the season which helps to keep the pest population down.
Adequate Drainage
Holes at the bottom corners allow for drainage. Drainage holes in the middle of the bottom will not adequately allow for drainage.
Fledgling Ladder
It is a good idea (especially for bluebird houses) to provide either slashes or a ladder to help the fledglings leave the house.
Perches
Perches are not necessary and can actually allow easier access for predators.